The Indonesian National Revolution or Indonesian War of
Independence (Indonesian: Perang Kemerdekaan Indonesia) was an armed conflict
and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire,
and an internal social revolution following the postwar and postcolonial
Indonesia. It took place between Indonesia's declaration of independence in
1945 and the Dutch recognition of Indonesia's independence at the end of
1949. The Indonesian independence movement began in May 1908, which is commemorated
as the "Year of National Awakening" (Indonesian: Tahun Kebangkitan
Bangsa).
The struggle lasted for over four years and involved
sporadic but bloody armed conflict, internal Indonesian political and communal
upheavals, and two major international diplomatic interventions. Dutch military
forces were able to control the major towns, cities and industrial assets in
Republican heartlands on Java and Sumatra, but could not control the
countryside. In 1949 international pressure on the Netherlands became such
that, together with the existing partial military stalemate, it recognised
Indonesian independence.
The revolution marked the end of the colonial administration of the Dutch East
Indies, except for Netherlands New Guinea. It also significantly changed ethnic
castes, as well as reducing the power of many of the local rulers (raja). It
did not significantly improve the economic or political fortune of the majority
of the population, although a few Indonesians were able to gain a larger role
in commerce.
Source:Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_National_Revolution
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